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Rations
This is a list of rations through the years. Remember bacon is specht or salt cured and smoked. It keeps on its own, unlike modern bacon. Make your own ration list using as little as possible. Next learn to replace each item using wild food. Use nuts for beans. This process is part of my ration theory of wild food gathering. Also using the ration items will teach you the basic camping skill of cooking. Try replacing pots and pans and utensils in the woods with cooking methods you make in the field. The hardest will be boiling water without a pot. You will need to make a bark or skin container and use hot rocks. Next, try cooking wild game without any utensils (substitute store bought chicken, fish or beef). Also, try making ash cakes and twist bread. Ash cakes are bread cooked on coals and or ashes of a fire. Twist bread is dough cooked on a stick over a fire.
E.H. Kreps List #1 20# Wheat flour 10 # Corn meal ( or 25# wheat and 5 # corn meal) 1 ½ # baking powder 3# table salt 10# Bacon (or 5# Bacon and 5# salt pork) 1# Crisco 3# creamery or canned butter 10# Beans 4# split peas 5# evaporated fruit 4# prunes 7# sugar 2# tea 3# ground coffee 2# pickles 4 # evaporated milk 2# cheese Milk unsweetened in small tins 1 oz black pepper 87 ½ lbs- 89 ½ lbs. List #2 18 wheat flour 5 corn meal 2 crackers 1 baking powder 3 table salt 6 bacon 4 salt pork 3 ½ canned butter 7 beans 3 split peas 5 evaporated fruit 4 prunes 8 sugar 2 tea 3 coffee 2 bottle pickles 5 evaporated milk 4 rice 1 raisins 2 oz cinnamon 1 oz black pepper 2 cheese 5 Bermuda onions 90 ½ to 91 ½ Optional 2# Oatmeal 1# Maple Syrup Trail List Flour mixed w/ baking powder Salt Bacon sliced no rind Oatmeal Sugar (brown -my add) Butter Tea Salt Beans ( my add) A.F. Wallace Land Cruising and prospecting Per day 18 0z flour or 20 oz corn meal or 16 oz crackers or 18 oz soft bread 2 oz rice or 2 oz hominy or 2 ½ oz peas or beans ¾ oz salt 1 ½ oz coffee ¼ oz tea 2 ½ oz sugar 12 oz bacon or 12 oz pork or 20 oz fresh beef Or 22 oz salt beef 2 6/10 oz total Per Month 34 lbs flour or 37 lbs corn meal or 30 lbs crackers or 34 lbs soft bread 3 2/3 lbs rice or 3 ¾ lbs hominy or 4 ¾ lbs peas or beans 1 ½ lbs salt 3 lbs coffee ½ lbs tea 4 ¾ lbs sugar 22 ½ lbs bacon or 22 ½ lbs pork or 37 ½ lbs fresh beef or 41 ½ lbs salt beef
One week per person 4 ½ lbs bacon 5 ½ lbs corn or flour 7 ½ lbs potatoes - fresh ( # Flakes) 1 lb fresh onions (2 ½ oz dried) 1 ½ lbs beans 1 ½ lbs coffee ¼ lbs tea 1 ¾ lbs syrup 1/8 lbs salt 1/8 lbs pepper ¼ lbs candles ¼ lbs matches in two different tins ¼ lb one bottle vinegar ¼ lb crackers ½ lb soap 1/8 lb cake ½ lb can baking powder 1 lb apples - Dried 2 2/6 lbs per day 1/3 cup flakes = 1 fresh potatoes, and ½ oz dried = 1 fresh onions Camp trails 1920 Stewart White One month supply for one person on a forest trip 15 lbs flour (includes flour, pancake mix, cornmeal) 15 lbs Meat (bacon or boned ham) 8 lbs rice ½ lbs baking powder 1 lb tea 2 lbs sugar 150 saccharine tablets 8 lbs cereal 1 lb raisins Salt and pepper 6 lbs beans 3 lbs or ½ doz Erbswurst (Substitute Bouillon and dried peas) 2 lbs or ½ doz dried Vegetables 2 lbs dried potatoes 1 can Bakers eggs
One Month for one person on a pack horse trip. Camp trails 1920 Stewart White 15 lbs flour (includes flour, pancake mix, cornmeal) 16 lbs Meat (bacon or boned ham) 2 lbs hominy 4 lbs rice ½ lbs baking powder 1 lb coffee ½ lb tea 20 lbs potatoes A few onions ( would bring dried) 2 lbs sugar 150 saccharine tablets 3 lbs olive oil 3 lbs cream of wheat ( or oatmeal -my add) 6 lbs mixed dried fruit Salt and pepper, cinnamon 3 cans evaporated milk ½ gal syrup or honey 5 lbs beans Chili’s Pilot bread 6 cans corn 6 cans salmon (I would bring Tuna and mayo packets) 2 cans corned beef 1 can Bakers eggs ½ dozen maggi’s Soups 2 lbs or ½ doz dried vegetables - beans and julienne (I would add or replace items with Pasta, Tomato paste, cheese powder and bullion)
Food to last six one week Book of woodcraft 1900 Ernest Thompson Seton Oatmeal 6lbs Rice 2lbs Crackers 10 lbs Cocoa 3 lbs Tea ½ lbs Coffee 3 lbs Lard 5 lbs Sugar 6 lbs Condensed milk 12 tins Butter 7 lbs Eggs 3 doz Bacon 15 lbs Preserves 5 lbs Prunes 3 lbs Maple syrup 3 qts Cheese 1 lb Raisins 3 lbs Potatoes ½ bushel White beans 3 quarts Canned corn 3 tins Flour 25 lbs Baking powder 1 lbs Concentrated soups ½ lb Salt 21 lbs Pepper 1 oz Civil War Army Rations daily 12 oz of pork or bacon or 1 lb. 4 oz of fresh or salt beef; 1 lb. 6 oz of soft bread or flour, 1 lb. of hard bread, or 1 lb. 4 oz of cornmeal. Per every 100 rations there was issued 1 peck of beans or peas; 10 lb. of rice or hominy; 10 lb. of green coffee, 8 lb. of roasted and ground coffee, or 1 lb. 8 oz of tea; 15 lb. of sugar; 1 lb. 4 oz of candles, 4 lb. of soap; 1 qt of molasses. In addition to or as substitutes for other items, desiccated vegetables, dried fruit, pickles, or pickled cabbage might be issued.
The marching ration consisted 1 lb. of hard bread, 3/4 lb. of salt pork or 1 1/4 lb. of fresh meat,plus the sugar, coffee, and salt. Generally the Confederate ration, though smaller in quantity after the spring of 1862 and tending to substitute cornmeal for wheat flour, was little different.
Early American Rations person for one day l6 oz; beef 6.8 oz. peas 18 oz. flour 1.4 oz. rice 16 oz. milk .1830 oz. Soap 1 qt. spruce beer .0686 oz. candle
1784 Rations were allotted as one per person over 10 years of age, and 1/2 for those under 10. They consisted of:
The ration of 1812 Per person per day 20 oz. beef .64 oz. salt 18 oz. flour .64 oz. soap 1 gill rum . 24 oz. candle 1 gill vinegar
Mexican War ration Per person per day 20 oz. beef .64 oz. salt 18 oz. flour .0686 oz. candle 2.4 oz. dried beans .183 oz. soap .16 gill vinegar (2 tablespoons) .96 oz. green coffee 1.92 oz. sugar
Civil War ration Per person per day 20 oz. beef 2.4 oz. sugar 22 oz. flour .32 gill vinegar 7 oz. potatoes .64 oz. salt .045 oz. yeast .04 oz. pepper 2.65 oz. dried beans .64 oz. soap 1.6 oz. green coffee .24 oz. candle The official 1861 Union ration included: 20 oz of salt or fresh beef or 12 oz. of pork or bacon, 18 oz. of flour or 20 oz. of corn meal, 1.6 oz. of rice or .64 oz. of beans or 1.5 oz of dried potatoes, 1.6 oz. of green coffee or .24 oz of tea, 2.4 oz. of sugar, .54 oz. of salt, and .32 gill of vinegar. Also, 1 gill of whiskey per day was issued in cases of excessive fatigue or severe exposure. The normal short ration consisted of: 1 lb. of hard bread (hardtack), 3/4 lbs. of salt pork or 1/4 lb. of fresh meat, 1 oz. of coffee, 3 oz. of sugar and salt. In addition to the daily individual ration, the following were issued to every 100 men: 15 pounds of beans or peas; 10 pounds of rice or hominy; 10 pounds of green coffee or 1.5 pounds of tea; 15 pounds of sugar; 4 quarts of vinegar; 3.75 pounds of salt; 4 ounces of pepper; 30 pounds of potatoes; and, when practicable, 1 quart of molasses. Also desiccated (steam processed) vegetables were issued.
The list below will feed 5 hunters and two guides for one week with plenty for everyone and a small amount left that the guides can take care of and consume while running the trap line in the fall and winter months. S. Stanley Hawbaker 5 lbs. dry shell beans 2 boxes seedless raisins 18 lbs. pork ham 1 box quick oatmeal 4 lbs. sandwich meats 1 box Cream of Wheat cereal 4 lbs. cheese 3 lbs. coffee 5 lbs. flour 1 lb. tea 6lbs.sugar 1 lb. cocoa 1 box baking soda 5 lb. bag salt 1 box baking powder 2 bottles catsup 1 box macaroni 1 jar mustard 4 lbs. egg noodles 1 box pepper 5 lbs. onions ½ gal. syrup or honey 30 lbs. potatoes 1 box ready mix pancake flour 5 lbs. butter 12 cans peaches 15 loaves bead 12 cans pears or pineapple 12 cans milk 48 bars candy 2 lbs. rice 5 lbs. salt pork bacon 3 jars pickles 3 rolls wax paper 4 doz. fresh eggs packed well Several dish towels 3 lbs. crackers 3 cakes soap
Trappers Grub stake I will list a four months supply of food S. Stanley Hawbaker
Flour_90 lbs. Oat Meal 5-4½ lb. boxes Dried Fruits_30 lbs. Beans_15 lbs. Salt_25 lbs. for cooking and Jerking meat Lard_ 10 lbs. Coffce_5 lbs. Cocoa_ 6 lbs. Corn meal _10 lbs. Baking Powder_4 lbs. Yeast cakes_4 packages Milk (condensed) 1 case 3 lbs. dried eggs 10 lbs. onions 1 small bottle vanilla flavoring Sugar_20 lbs. Sosp_5 bars laundry, 5 toilet Egg Noodles_4 lbs. Rice_6 lbs. Salt Pork_40 lbs. Black Pepper_2 lbs. Butter I5 lbs. Tea_2 lbs. Ketchup._2 large bottles Soda_2 lbs. Cornstarch_2 boxes Macaroni_2 lbs. Cheese_5 lbs. 6lbs. Prepared Pancake Flour Jams_5 lbs. Several large boxes of matches Spice role (my add) Toilet Paper (my add) Mantels and Candles (my add) Propane or gas as needed (my add) I will guarantee the above will keep any trapper 4 to 5 months, unless he is an actual hog.
Collin Fletcher Food (one weeks rations) Mixed dry cereal 1 lb 7 pks. vacuum dried fruit (4 oz each) 1lb 13 oz 8 pks. Dried soup 1 lb 7 oz 5 bars Wilson’s meat pemmican 1 lb Dehydrated Potatoes 1 lb 9oz Dehydrated Beans 8 oz Dehydrated Mixed Vegetables 4 oz Granulated Sugar 1 lb 8 oz Powdered Milk 1 lb 30 Tea bags 3 oz Dry raisins 1 lb Semi-sweet chocolate 9 oz 3 ½ bars mint cake candy 1 lb 6 oz 2 pks fruit drink mix 4 oz Salt 3 oz Rum fudge bar (emergency ration) 8 oz 1 can goodies (oysters, ect. ) Mormon home storage, one year, one person Grains (wheat, rice, corn, rolled oats, spaghetti) 400 pounds 72 #10 cans (wheat) Legumes (dry beans, peas, lentils) 60 pounds 12 #10 cans (beans) Powdered Milk 16 pounds 4 #10 cans Sugar or Honey 60 pounds 10 #10 cans Cooking Oil 10 quarts Salt 8 pounds Water** (2 weeks) 14 gallons
Cache lake country John J. Rowlands “3 pounds of food per day per man. One pound being meat and the rest all other foods.” One Man for one week Flour 4 # Bacon 5 # Cheese 2 # Rice 1 ¼ # Lard ½ # Oatmeal 1 # Sugar 1 ½ # Tea ¼ # Bar chocolate ½ # Coffee ½ # Beans (dried) 1 ½ # Or small cans of baked beans 5 cans Butter (in can) ½ # Dried fruit 1 ½ # Onions 1 # Dried soups 3 oz. Dried milk 12 oz Or evaporated 2 cans Backing powder 4 oz Potatoes (fresh) 5 # Or dehydrated 4 oz. Salt 3 oz. Pepper ¼ oz
Gibbons list Essential ration replaced in the field Flour, Salt, Sugar Meat - pemmican, jerky or fish Teas Fat What to make 1) Survival stew or soup 2) Dampers or ash cakes 3) Meat 4) Tea 5) Wild greens 6) Gruel from grains 7) Sugar or syrup 8) wild tubers ( I.E. Cattail or arrow root) 9) Fruits and nuts Sources 1. Grasses and grains 2. Inner Bark 3. Greens and tubers 4. Wild game 5> Insects - yes or no? 6> No beans? 7> acorns 8> wild rice 9>cattail and arrow root All must be gathered in season except inner-bark or you will be living on meat, teas, and bark. It also may require you moving to the area that have these plants and game.
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All Rights Reserved John Gibbons |